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Event The most important question that astronomers still can't answer is how our universe was formed. Undoubtedly, there are a lot of theories about its formation, but all of them do not stand up to scrutiny. So far, the most likely theory has been the Big Bang theory, which explains many aspects of the formation of the universe and its properties. Many, but not all. For example, it does not offer solutions to the problems of horizon and flatness, nor does it explain the expansion of the universe.
A new and very interesting theory was put forward by Wun-Yi Shu, a Taiwanese professor from National Tsing Hua University. He suggested that mass, time, and length might all change into each other as the universe evolves. His cosmological model is more suitable for explaining the above factors without relying on the cosmological constant, dark energy.
Shu considers four main elements in his work: time, mass, space, and length. In his opinion, time and space can transform each other, and the changing speed of light is a factor in this transformation. Mass and length behave the same way, and the factors here are the changing gravitational constant and the speed of light. In other words, according to Shu's model, when the universe expands, time becomes space and mass becomes length. When the universe shrinks in size, the reverse process takes place.
Shu writes that the speed of light is simply a factor in the transformation of time and space, just a property of the geometry of space-time. As the universe is expanding, he assumed that the speed of light changes in cosmic time. In addition, Shu's models have four distinctive features:
– the speed of light and the gravitational constant are not constant at all, but change with the development of the universe;
– time has neither beginning nor end, that is, there is no big bang or big compression;
– outer space is 3-spherical, and excludes the possibility of flatness or hyperboloid;
– The universe is characterized by acceleration and deceleration.
He tested the accuracy of his models based on astronomers' observations of a Type Ia supernova. Shu's theory is fully suited to explain the expansion of the universe, as acceleration is an integral part of his models. In such cases, the big bang theory does not explain this phenomenon, and astronomers are looking for other solutions, including the presence of dark energy.
Moreover, Shu's model explains not only the acceleration and expansion of the universe, but also the other two problems mentioned above. For example, the problem of flatness automatically ceases to be a problem, because according to his model, the universe is 3-spherical. The horizon problem appears in modern cosmology due to the fact that the most remote places in the universe cannot have the same physical characteristics (although they do), since the transfer rate must be above the speed of light, and Shu's model has no internal acceleration and no starting point for the big bang.